Inhaltsverzeichnis

Cacti

Cacti

Cacti ist ein komplette Netzwerk-Grafik-Anwendung, geschaffen um Möglichkeiten des RRDTool's voll auszuschöpfen.

Voraussetzungen

Als Voraussetzung für die Installation von Cacti sind folgende Komponenten erforderlich:

Lauffähiger Web-Server z.B. Apache HTTP Server
PHP in der Version 5 oder höher PHP Net
MySQL-Datenbank MySQL
rrdtool rrdtool - Dag Wieers Repository

Herunterladen

Cacti kann unter folgendem Link heruntergeladen werden, dabei sollte ein RPM-Paket bevorzugt werden, deshalb soll hier auch ein Repository als Quelle eines RPM-Paktes gewählt werden und nicht die Quell-Sourcen zum selbst kompilieren!

cacti - Dag Wieers Repository

WICHTIG - Da zur Installation von Cacti wäre es ratsam das RPMforge-Repository in den yum-Paketmanager einzubinden!

WICHTIG - Ein detaillierte Anleitung, wie das RPMforge-Repository in CentOS eingebunden werden kann, kann unter Repository einbinden CentOS 5 nachgelesen werden!

Installation

Ab hier werden root-Rechte zur Ausführung der nachfolgenden Befehle benötigt. Um root zu werden geben Sie bitte folgenden Befehl ein:

$ su -
Password:

SNMP installieren

Bevor mit der eigentlichen Installation von Cacti begonnen werden kann, müssen noch einige Voraussetzungen zum erfolgreichen Betrieb von Cacti erfüllt werden.

Eine dieser Bedingungen ist, die Installation und Konfiguration von SNMP. SNMP ist ein, von der IETF entwickeltes, Netzwerkprotokoll um Netzwerkelemente (Server, Switche, Router, Drucker, Rechner etc.) von einer zentralen Station aus überwachen und steuern zu können.

Folgende RPM-Pakete aus den CentOS eigenen Repositorys können mit folgendem Befehl installiert werden:

# yum install net-snmp net-snmp-utils php-common php-snmp

Die Pakete haben folgende Bedeutung:

net-snmp.i386 - net-snmp (A collection of SNMP protocol tools and libraries.)
net-snmp-utils.i386 - net-snmp-utils (Network management utilities using SNMP, from the NET-SNMP project.)
php-common.i386 - php-common (Common files for PHP)
php-snmp.i386 - php-snmp (A module for PHP applications that query SNMP-managed devices.)

SNMP konfigurieren

Der SNMP-Deamon wird mit der Konfigurationsdatei mit folgendem Speicherort und Namen konfiguriert:

/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

Die relevanten Änderungen gegenüber den Standard-Konfigurationsdateien, sind mit folgendem Kommentar

# Tachtler

versehen.

Folgende Änderungen in der Konfigurationsdatei /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf (nur relevanter Ausschnitt) sind durchzuführen:

...
####
# First, map the community name "public" into a "security name"
 
#       sec.name  source          community
# Tachtler
# default: com2sec notConfigUser  default       public
com2sec local           localhost       private
com2sec mynetwork       192.168.0.0/16  public
 
####
# Second, map the security name into a group name:
 
#       groupName      securityModel securityName
# Tachtler
# default: group   notConfigGroup v1           notConfigUser
# default: group   notConfigGroup v2c           notConfigUser
group   MyROGroup       v1      local
group   MyROGroup       v2c     local
group   MyROGroup       v1      mynetwork
group   MyROGroup       v2c     mynetwork
 
####
# Third, create a view for us to let the group have rights to:
 
# Make at least  snmpwalk -v 1 localhost -c public system fast again.
#       name           incl/excl     subtree         mask(optional)
# Tachtler
# default: view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.1
# default: view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1.25.1.1
view    all             included        .1      80
 
####
# Finally, grant the group read-only access to the systemview view.
 
#       group          context sec.model sec.level prefix read   write  notif
# Tachtler
# default: access  notConfigGroup ""      any       noauth    exact  systemview none none
access  MyROGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     none    none
access  MyRWGroup       ""      any     noauth  exact   all     all     none
 
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
...

Um das Starten von snmpd auch nach einem System-(re)-start auch in Zukunft dauerhaft zu realisieren, kann folgender Befehl genutzt werden. Hier wird snmpd zu den Start-Scripten der einzelnen Runlevel des Betriebssystem hinzugefügt:

# chkconfig snmpd on

Ein Überprüfung, ob snmpd in den einzelnen Runlevel des Betriebssystems bei einem system-(re)-start mit gestartet wird, kann mit folgenden Befehlen abgefragt werden:

# chkconfig --list | grep snmpd
snmpd           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

Abschließend muss der snmpd noch mit folgendem Befehl gestartete werden:

# service snmpd start
Starting snmpd:                                            [  OK  ]

Folgende Ausgabe einer Start-Meldung kann in der LOG-Datei /var/log/messages beobachtet werden:

Feb  3 10:01:38 nss snmpd[21612]: could not open /proc/net/if_inet6
Feb  3 10:01:38 nss snmpd[21612]: cannot open /proc/net/snmp6 ...
Feb  3 10:01:39 nss snmpd[21612]: Creating directory: /var/net-snmp
Feb  3 10:01:39 nss snmpd[21612]: NET-SNMP version 5.3.1

WICHTIG - Die beiden Fehlermedlungen ergeben sich aus der Tatsache, dass der snmpd unter CentOS mit IPv6-Unterstützung kompiliert wurde, und hier in diesem Fall auf dem Server IPv6 deaktiviert wurde!

rrdtool installieren

Folgender Befehl kann (nach Einbindung des RPMforge-Repository) zu Installation von Cacti angewendet werden:

# yum install rrdtool

Folgender Inhalt befindet sich im RPM-Paket rrdtool.noarch, welcher mit nachfolgendem Befehl aufgelistet werden kann:

# rpm -qil rrdtool | more
Name        : rrdtool                      Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 1.2.29                            Vendor: Dag Apt Repository, http://dag.wieers.com/apt/
Release     : 1.el5.rf                      Build Date: Mon 29 Dec 2008 04:23:25 PM CET
Install Date: Fri 02 Jan 2009 11:34:05 AM CET      Build Host: lisse.hasselt.wieers.com
Group       : Applications/Databases        Source RPM: rrdtool-1.2.29-1.el5.rf.src.rpm
Size        : 2358122                          License: GPL
Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Tue 30 Dec 2008 05:42:30 AM CET, Key ID a20e52146b8d79e6
Packager    : Dag Wieers <dag@wieers.com>
URL         : http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/
Summary     : Round Robin Database Tool to store and display time-series data
Description :
RRD is the Acronym for Round Robin Database. RRD is a system to store and
display time-series data (i.e. network bandwidth, machine-room temperature,
server load average). It stores the data in a very compact way that will not
expand over time, and it presents useful graphs by processing the data to
enforce a certain data density. It can be used either via simple wrapper
scripts (from shell or Perl) or via frontends that poll network devices and
put a friendly user interface on it.
/usr/bin/rrdcgi
/usr/bin/rrdtool
/usr/bin/rrdupdate
/usr/lib/librrd.so.2
/usr/lib/librrd.so.2.0.15
/usr/lib/librrd_th.so.2
/usr/lib/librrd_th.so.2.0.13
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/CHANGES
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/CONTRIBUTORS
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/COPYING
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/COPYRIGHT
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/NEWS
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/README
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/THREADS
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/TODO
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/RRDp.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/RRDs.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/bin_dec_hex.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/bin_dec_hex.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/cdeftutorial.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/cdeftutorial.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rpntutorial.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rpntutorial.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrd-beginners.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrd-beginners.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdbuild.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdbuild.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdcgi.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdcgi.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdcreate.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdcreate.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrddump.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrddump.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdfetch.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdfetch.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdfirst.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdfirst.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_data.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_data.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_examples.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_examples.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_graph.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_graph.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_rpn.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdgraph_rpn.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdinfo.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdinfo.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdlast.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdlast.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdlastupdate.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdlastupdate.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdresize.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdresize.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdrestore.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdrestore.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdthreads.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdthreads.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdtool.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdtool.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdtune.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdtune.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdtutorial.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdtutorial.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdupdate.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdupdate.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdxport.html
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/docs/rrdxport.txt
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/4charts.pl
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/bigtops.pl
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/cgi-demo.cgi
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/minmax.pl
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/perftest.pl
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/piped-demo.pl
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/shared-demo.pl
/usr/share/doc/rrdtool-1.2.29/examples/stripes.pl
/usr/share/man/man1/bin_dec_hex.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/cdeftutorial.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rpntutorial.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrd-beginners.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdbuild.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdcgi.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdcreate.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrddump.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdfetch.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdfirst.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdgraph.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdgraph_data.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdgraph_examples.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdgraph_graph.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdgraph_rpn.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdinfo.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdlast.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdlastupdate.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdresize.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdrestore.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdthreads.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdtool.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdtune.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdtutorial.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdupdate.1.gz
/usr/share/man/man1/rrdxport.1.gz
/usr/share/rrdtool
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/4charts.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/bigtops.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/cgi-demo.cgi
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/minmax.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/perftest.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/piped-demo.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/shared-demo.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/examples/stripes.pl
/usr/share/rrdtool/fonts
/usr/share/rrdtool/fonts/DejaVuSansMono-Roman.ttf

Cacti installieren

Folgender Befehl kann (nach Einbindung des RPMforge-Repository) zu Installation von Cacti angewendet werden:

# yum install cacti
Loading "priorities" plugin
Loading "fastestmirror" plugin
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * rpmforge: ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de 
 * base: ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de
 * updates: ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de
 * addons: ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de
 * extras: ftp.halifax.rwth-aachen.de
341 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
Setting up Install Process
Parsing package install arguments
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package cacti.noarch 0:0.8.7b-2.el5.rf set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================
 Package                 Arch       Version          Repository        Size 
=============================================================================
Installing:
 cacti                   noarch     0.8.7b-2.el5.rf  rpmforge          2.0 M

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================
Install      1 Package(s)         
Update       0 Package(s)         
Remove       0 Package(s)         

Total download size: 2.0 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/1): cacti-0.8.7b-2.el5 100% |=========================| 2.0 MB    00:01     
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing: cacti                        ######################### [1/1] 

Installed: cacti.noarch 0:0.8.7b-2.el5.rf
Complete!

Folgender Inhalt befindet sich im RPM-Paket cacti.noarch, welcher mit nachfolgendem Befehl aufgelistet werden kann:

# rpm -qil cacti.noarch | more
Name        : cacti                        Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 0.8.7b                            Vendor: Dag Apt Repository, http://dag.wieers.com/apt/
Release     : 2.el5.rf                      Build Date: Fri 14 Mar 2008 05:29:23 AM CET
Install Date: Tue 03 Feb 2009 10:24:17 AM CET      Build Host: lisse.leuven.wieers.com
Group       : Applications/System           Source RPM: cacti-0.8.7b-2.el5.rf.src.rpm
Size        : 4996551                          License: GPL
Signature   : DSA/SHA1, Sat 15 Mar 2008 05:51:58 AM CET, Key ID a20e52146b8d79e6
Packager    : Dag Wieers <dag@wieers.com>
URL         : http://www.cacti.net/
Summary     : Complete network graphing solution designed on top of RRDTool
Description :
Cacti is a complete frontend to RRDTool. It stores all of the necessary
information to create graphs and populate them with data in a MySQL
database.

The frontend is completely PHP driven. Along with being able to maintain
graphs, data sources, and round robin archives in a database, Cacti also
handles the data gathering. There is SNMP support for those used to
creating traffic graphs with MRTG.
/etc/cron.d/cacti
/etc/httpd/conf.d/cacti.conf
/usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7b
/usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7b/LICENSE
/usr/share/doc/cacti-0.8.7b/README
/var/www/cacti
/var/www/cacti/about.php
/var/www/cacti/auth_changepassword.php
/var/www/cacti/auth_login.php
/var/www/cacti/cacti.sql
/var/www/cacti/cdef.php
/var/www/cacti/cli
/var/www/cacti/cli/.htaccess
/var/www/cacti/cli/add_device.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/add_graphs.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/add_perms.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/add_tree.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/copy_user.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/poller_graphs_reapply_names.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/poller_output_empty.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/poller_reindex_hosts.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/rebuild_poller_cache.php
/var/www/cacti/cli/repair_database.php
/var/www/cacti/cmd.php
/var/www/cacti/color.php
/var/www/cacti/data_input.php
/var/www/cacti/data_queries.php
/var/www/cacti/data_sources.php
/var/www/cacti/data_templates.php
/var/www/cacti/docs
/var/www/cacti/docs/CHANGELOG
/var/www/cacti/docs/CONTRIB
/var/www/cacti/docs/INSTALL
/var/www/cacti/docs/README
/var/www/cacti/docs/REQUIREMENTS
/var/www/cacti/docs/UPGRADE
/var/www/cacti/docs/html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/LICENSE.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/advanced_topics.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/basics.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/batch_copy_users.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/bsd_ports.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cacti_help.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cdefs.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_cacti_poller.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_data_gathering.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_mysql_updating.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_rrd_graph.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_rrd_numbers.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_rrd_owner.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_rrd_updating.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/check_zero_values.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_add_device.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_add_graphs.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_add_perms.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_add_tree.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_copy_user.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_poller_graphs_reapply_names.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_poller_output_empty.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/cli_poller_reindex_hosts.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/copying_user.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/create_new_user.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/data_input_methods.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/data_presentation.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/data_queries.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/data_storage.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/debug_miscellaneous.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/debug_rpm_installation.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/debugging.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/delete_users.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/enable_disable_users.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/faq.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/graph_howto.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/graph_overview.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/graph_snmp_oid.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/graph_templates.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/graph_viewing.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/guest_access.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/host_templates.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/host_variables.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/how_to.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/data_template.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/export_template.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/graph_template.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/graph_tree.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/host_template.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/import_template.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/new_device.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/new_graphs.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/principles_of_operation.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_batch_copy_1.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_batch_copy_2.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_copy_1.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_copy_2.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_delete_1.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_delete_2.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_edit.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_enable_disable_1.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_enable_disable_2.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_list.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/images/user_management_new.png
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/index.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/install_unix.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/install_windows.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/installation.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/making_scripts_work_with_cacti.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/manual.css
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/migration_php_scripts_to_script_server.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/new_graphs.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/operating_principles.html
/var/www/cacti/docs/html/php_script_server.html
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/var/www/cacti/scripts/ping.pl
/var/www/cacti/scripts/query_host_cpu.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/query_host_partitions.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/query_unix_partitions.pl
/var/www/cacti/scripts/sql.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/ss_fping.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/ss_host_cpu.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/ss_host_disk.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/ss_sql.php
/var/www/cacti/scripts/unix_processes.pl
/var/www/cacti/scripts/unix_tcp_connections.pl
/var/www/cacti/scripts/unix_users.pl
/var/www/cacti/scripts/weatherbug.pl
/var/www/cacti/scripts/webhits.pl
/var/www/cacti/settings.php
/var/www/cacti/templates_export.php
/var/www/cacti/templates_import.php
/var/www/cacti/tree.php
/var/www/cacti/user_admin.php
/var/www/cacti/utilities.php

Folgender Benutzer wurde ebenfalls angelegt, was mit folgende Befehl überprüft werden kann:

# cat /etc/passwd | grep cacti
cacti:x:105:108:cacti:/var/www/cacti:/bin/sh

Desweiteren wurden auch folgende Gruppen angelegt, was mit folgendem Befehl überprüft werden kann:

# cat /etc/group | grep cacti
cacti:x:108:

Cacti Konfiguration Webserver

Hier soll die Konfiguration eines virtuellen Host für den Apache HTTP Server beschrieben werden. Der Aufruf von Cacti soll über die URL

http://www.cacti.tachtler.net

ermöglicht werden.

Falls Sie noch keine Erfahrungen mit virtuellen Hosts in Verbindung mit dem Apache HTTP Server haben sollten, lesen Sie bitte die Dokumentation des Apache HTTP Server Projektes, da hier nur die grundlegenden Schritte erläutert werden.

Falls noch nicht geschehen wird im Verzeichnis /etc/httpd/conf.d eine Datei mit dem Namen vhosts.conf erstellt. Der Inhalt dieser Datei sollte minimal für einen virtuellen Host für Cacti wie folgt aussehen:

# This configuration file enables the vhosts to this
# Server
#
 
NameVirtualHost *:80
 
#
# cacti.tachtler.net
#
<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerAdmin webmaster@tachtler.net
        ServerName cacti.tachtler.net
        ServerAlias www.cacti.tachtler.net
        ServerPath /
        Alias /cacti/ /var/www/cacti/
        DocumentRoot "/var/www/cacti"
        <Directory "/var/www/cacti">
                Options -Indexes
                AllowOverride all
                Order allow,deny
                Allow from all
                AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
                php_flag magic_quotes_gpc on
                php_flag track_vars on
        </Directory>
        DirectoryIndex index.php
        ErrorLog logs/cacti_error.log
        CustomLog logs/cacti_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

Ein erneuter oder erster Start des Apache HTTP Server mit folgenden Befehl für eine erstmaligen Start

# service httpd start

oder einen erneuten Start des Apache HTTP Server mit folgendem Befehl

# service httpd restart

macht die oben beschriebenen Konfigurationen für den Apache HTTP Server wirksam.

Cacti Konfiguration MySQL

WICHTIG - Es wird davon ausgegangen, das eine lauffähige Version von installiert ist!

Folgende Schritte müssen durchgeführt werden, um eine Datenbank, die dazugehörigen Tabellen und einen Datenbank-Benutzer einzurichten!

Als erstes wird unter Zuhilfenahme des Administrationswerkzeuges mysqladmin mit folgendem Befehl eine neue Datenbank angelegt:

# mysqladmin -u root -h 127.0.0.1 -P 3306 -p create cacti
Enter password:

Im nächsten Schritt importieren wir das SQL-Script von /var/www/cati/cacti.sql nach MySQL mit folgendem Befehl:

# /usr/bin/mysql -u root -p cacti < /var/www/cacti/cacti.sql
Enter password:

Zum Abschluss sollte noch ein Datenbank-Benutzer für Cacti definiert werden, was mit folgender Befehlskette durchgeführt werden kann und die MySQL-Konsole dazu nutzt:

# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5575
Server version: 5.0.45 Source distribution

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer.

mysql>

Innerhalb der MySQL-Konsole angelangt, wird folgender Befehl genutzt, un sich mit der Datenbank mysql zu verbinden!

mysql> connect mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Connection id:    5739
Current database: mysql

Anschließend wird folgender Befehl zur Anlage eines Datenbank-Benutzers Namens cacti verwendet:

mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host, User, Password, Select_priv, Insert_priv, Update_priv, Delete_priv, Create_priv, Drop_priv, Reload_priv, Shutdown_priv, Process_priv, File_priv, Grant_priv, References_priv, Index_priv, Alter_priv) VALUES ('localhost', 'cacti', PASSWORD('geheim'), 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N', 'N');
Query OK, 1 row affected, 3 warnings (0.00 sec)

Mit nachfolgendem Befehl werden dem gerade neu erstellten Datenbank-Benutzer cacti die Entsprechenden Rechte an der zuvor erstellten Datenbank, ebenfalls mit Namen cacti gegeben:

mysql> INSERT INTO db (Host, Db, User, Select_priv, Insert_priv, Update_priv, Delete_priv, Create_priv, Drop_priv, Grant_priv, References_priv, Index_priv, Alter_priv) VALUES ('localhost', 'cacti', 'cacti', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y', 'Y ');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

Zum Abschluss werden die Rechte mit nachfolgendem Befehl in MySQL neu eingelesen!

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

Die MySQL-Konsole kann mit folgendem Befehl verlassen werden:

mysql> exit
Bye

Konfiguration

Bevor mit der eigentlichen Web-Basierten Konfiguration von Cacti begonnen werden kann, muss noch die Verbindung zur MySQL-Datenbank konfiguriert werden.

Dies wird in der Konfigurationsdatei /var/www/cacti/include/config.php durchgeführt. Nachfolgend die komplette Konfigurationsdatei:

/*
 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | Copyright (C) 2004-2008 The Cacti Group                                 |
 |                                                                         |
 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or           |
 | modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License             |
 | as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2          |
 | of the License, or (at your option) any later version.                  |
 |                                                                         |
 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,         |
 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of          |
 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the           |
 | GNU General Public License for more details.                            |
 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | Cacti: The Complete RRDTool-based Graphing Solution                     |
 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | This code is designed, written, and maintained by the Cacti Group. See  |
 | about.php and/or the AUTHORS file for specific developer information.   |
 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
 | http://www.cacti.net/                                                   |
 +-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
*/
 
/* make sure these values refect your actual database/host/user/password */
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
// Tachtler
// default: $database_username = "cactiuser";
$database_username = "cacti";
// Tachtler
// default: $database_password = "cactiuser";
$database_password = "geheim";
$database_port = "3306";
 
/* Default session name - Session name must contain alpha characters */
#$cacti_session_name = "Cacti";

?>

WICHITG - Dieses Poller-Script ist NUR notwendig, wenn der intere Mechanismus von Cacti NICHT genutzt werden soll !!! Zusätzlich wird auch noch ein Poller-Script für Cacti mitgeliefert, welches als cron-Job eingebunden werden kann. Dies kann mit folgendem Eintrag in der /etc/crontab erfolgen und führt das Poller-Script alle 5. Minuten aus!

*/5 * * * * cacti php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1

Jetzt sollte der Moment gekommen sein, wodurch Aufruf nachfolgenden Links die Setup-Seite von Cacti erscheinen sollte.

http://www.cacti.tachtler.net

Cacti Installation Guide

Folgende Bildschirmkopien zeigen den Cacti Installation Guide in Aktion. Die vorzunehmenden Einstellungen sind jeweils in den Bildschirmkopien enthalten:

1. Seite